Federal FLSA basics
- Non-exempt employees only. Exempt salaried managers and professionals do not earn FLSA overtime.
- 1.5x the regular rate for hours above 40 in a fixed 168-hour workweek.
- Workweek can start any day, but is fixed by the employer and applied consistently.
- The "regular rate" includes most non-discretionary bonuses and commissions, allocated across the workweek.
State daily-overtime overlays
| State | Rule |
|---|---|
| California | 1.5x over 8/day, 2x over 12/day, 1.5x first 8 hours of 7th consecutive day, 2x over 8 on 7th day |
| Alaska | 1.5x over 8/day or 40/week (employers with 4+ employees) |
| Nevada | 1.5x over 8/day if hourly rate is below 1.5x state minimum wage |
| Colorado | 1.5x over 12/day, 12 consecutive hours, or 40/week |
| Most others | Federal FLSA only (40/week) |
The tax myth
"Overtime is taxed at a higher rate." False. Overtime hours are paid at 1.5x the regular rate. They are taxed at the same rate as regular wages.
What can happen: a paycheck with a lot of overtime gets withheld at a higher percentage because the payroll system annualizes it as if every paycheck were that big. The over-withholding refunds at filing.
Salaried non-exempt
Salaried non-exempt workers (rare, usually lower-wage roles) earn overtime. Hourly equivalent is calculated from salary divided by 52 weeks divided by typical 40 hours.
Comp time
Private-sector employers in most states cannot give time off in lieu of overtime pay. Public-sector rules are more flexible.
Authoritative sources
- US Department of Labor, Wage and Hour Division
- Each state's Department of Labor for state-specific rules